Breast cancer's hidden partner: meningoencephalitis as a paraneoplastic revelation: a rare presentation of invasive ductal carcinoma of breast: a case report.

Introduction and importance: Paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes encompass a group of neurologic disorders arising from pathological processes unrelated to metastasis, metabolic disturbances, infections, coagulopathy, or treatment-related side effects. These syndromes can affect various regions of the nervous system, resulting in diverse clinical manifestations. Case presentation: The authors present a rare case of anti-amphiphysin-associated meningoencephalitis in a South Asian Pakistani woman. Initially, the patient was managed for suspected infectious meningitis, but empirical treatment failed to yield improvement. Subsequent investigations unveiled a paraneoplastic syndrome secondary to breast cancer. Discussion: Diagnosing these clinical entities is challenging due to their multifaceted presentations, often leading to delayed identification, increased patient suffering, economic burdens, and preventable complications. Conclusion: Anti-amphiphysin-associated meningoencephalitis is a rare manifestation of paraneoplastic syndromes. It is crucial to raise awareness among healthcare professionals about the diverse presentations of paraneoplastic syndromes.

Application Of New WHO Classification On Malignancies Of Sinonasal Tract: Correlation With Epidemiology And Survival In Pakistani Population.

Objectives: To analyse the clinicopathological characteristics of sinonasal malignancies in the light of the updates regarding head and neck tumours. METHODS: The retrospective study was conducted at the Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan, and comprised data of patients diagnosed with primary malignant tumours of the sinonasal tract between 2015 and 2020. Slides related to biopsies and resection specimens were retrieved from the institutional database and reviewed by two pathologists. Follow-up data was also obtained. Data was analysed using SPSS 20. RESULTS: Of the 245 samples, 144(58.7%) were epithelial tumours, 46(18.7%) neuroectodermal tumours, 41(16.7%) haematolymphoid tumours and 14(5.7%) were malignant soft tissue tumours. A heavy reliance was placed on immunohistochemical stains to diagnose poorly-differentiated tumours. Survival was dismal, especially with early and frequent spread to the brain (33.3% in cases of Sinonasal Undifferentiated Carcinoma). CONCLUSIONS: A wide array of sinonasal malignancies was seen. Updated knowledge of the malignancies prevalent in the region is imperative for timely diagnosis and treatment.

Gender differences in weight status and misperception patterns among university students: A cross sectional study.

Perceived body weight is a better predictor of weight management behaviour than actual weight of a person. We conducted a cross sectional study to examine the prevalence of weight status and investigate gender difference between actual and perceived body weight among the students of Bahaudin Zakariya University, Multan Pakistan. Data was collected from 475 students. Height and weight were measured and weight status defined according to WHO criterion for Asian populations. Weight perception was assessed by short interviews. Chi square test was used to analyze difference by gender and through various BMI groups. Incidence of underweight, overweight and obesity remained 11.3%, 14.6% and 14% among boys and 24.6%, 11.3% and 14.15% among girls respectively (P <0.001). About one third (31.7%) of the participants misclassified themselves. The most accurate estimation (76.9%) was encountered in overweight. (P value= 0.00001). Measured weight status and weight perception differed significantly between male and female students (P <0.05).